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An induction voltage regulator has a series winding and a shunt winding, and uses a motor to rotate the shunt winding to either add to (boost) or subtract from (buck) the series winding voltage. The action provided is dependent upon the voltage induced in the series winding and the respective polarities of each winding (that is, the respective instantaneous directions of currents entering the primary and leaving the secondary terminals during most of each half cycle). The switching mechanism in most new voltage regulators is practically maintenance free, but many of the older units require considerable servicing. The manufacturer's recommendations should be followed for all maintenance and servicing requirements.

7-3. Transformer classification.

Transformers are generally classified by size, insulation, and location.

a. Size. Transformers rated above 500 kVA are classed as power transformers. Transformers rated at 500 kVA or less are classed as distribution transformers, as they usually have low-tension windings of less than 600 volts. Instrument transformers, covered in chapter 3, section VI, are not considered distribution transformers since they do not serve utilization loads.

b. Insulation. There are two types of insulating classifications recognized by ANSI/IEEE C57.12.80.

7-1

TM 5-684/NAVFAC MO-200/AFJMAN 32-1082

Insulation classifications are affected by the insulation's temperature rating and by the method of cooling needed to remove the heat from the transformer.

(1) Liquid-immersed transformers.

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