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The core and the coils are immersed in an insulating liquid. A flammable mineral oii insulation is the most frequently used liquid. Various less flammable liquids are used to meet NEC code requirements. Only flammable and less flammable liquids are acceptable on military installations. Nonflammable-insulated liquids, though available, are not considered environmentally acceptable. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) insulated transformers should have been removed to meet OSHA requirements. Replacement of liquid-filled transformers in or near buildings must take into account the latest applicable NEC code restrictions, which might require an existing installation to be modified or a different type of insulation to be provided.

(2) Dry-type transformers. The core and coil are in a gaseous or dry-compound insulating material.

c. Cooling classes. Distribution and small power transformers are generally self-cooled. Other methods of cooling may be added to provide a greater load capacity than would be available with a self-cooled unit. Cooling methods include forced air-cooling (fans) for liquid-immersed and dry-type units; and forced air-cooling and/or forced liquid-cooling for liquid-immersed transformers. Dry-type units can be ventilated, nonventilated, or sealed. Transformers may be provided with the cooling equipment, may have provisions for adding cooling equipment, or may be without future capability for adding cooling equipment.

d. Insulation temperature ranges.

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