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This chapter provides maintenance and repair requirements for transformers used in the transmission and distribution of electrical energy and for voltage regulators. Requirements apply to units having at least one medium-voltage winding and generally providing three-phase service, although single-phase units may be found for housing or other small loads. 7-2. Defining transformer and regulator characteristics. A transformer utilizes electromagnetic induction between circuits of the same frequency, usually with changed values of voltage and current. All transformers covered in this chapter are constant-voltage type. That is, they maintain an approximately constant voltage ratio over loads from zero to the rated output. Constant-current transformers are described in chapter 6, section IV Transformers can be classified in various ways, but their basic construction consists of windings, magnetic cores on which windings are coiled, insulation, and any special connections applying to the type of load. a.Winding terminology. Winding terminology given below is based on the voltage flow, rating, or winding provisions. (1)A primary winding has input from the power source and a secondary winding supplies input to the loads. (2)A high-tension winding has a higher voltage than a low-tension winding. Most transformers have high-tension primary windings and are therefore step-down transformers. If the same transformer utilized the low-tension winding as the primary winding it would be a step-up transformer. (3)Most transformers have two windings, which are electrically insulated from each other. Easy Access To All Pages 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 |
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