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In addition, critical load requirements may dictate more frequent maintenance based upon the importance of the installation and the impact of a battery failure on the load it serves. Proper maintenance will ensure optimum battery life, assuming the battery has been properly sized and installed. When allocating time to battery maintenance, ensure that it is sufficient for the tasks to be performed. Small inaccuracies that can occur when personnel are rushed can result in useless data, and overlooking of other obvious problems. Wherever practicable, tests should be carried out in a manner that accomplishes one or more objectives at the same time. For example, a capacity test also can be used to check for high connection resistance.

b. Battery specifics. A maintenance program must address the specific battery installed. Although the tests and frequency of maintenance may be the same, there are subtle differences between batteries. For example, the nominal float voltage will vary between lead-antimony and lead-calcium cells. In addition, the total float (terminal) voltage will be different when the total number of cells provided varies (as for nickel-cadmium units) even though the nominal voltage per cell may be the same. For instance, a nominal 24-volt lead-acid battery system can be made up from 12 to 14 cells of the same type. Another consideration is that the float voltage used will vary with the nominal specific gravity of the cell.

(1) Battery system replacement. When a battery is replaced, the new battery often continues to be maintained in the same manner as the old one.

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